Journal of Behavior Analysis and Support
Korean Association for Behavior Analysis
Article

개별시도교수 중재 시 과제 선택하기 기법이 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 과제 회피행동에 미치는 효과*

정지은1, 양문봉2,*
Ji Eun Chung1, MoonBong Yang2,*
1정지은 일산 ABA, 센터장
2백석대학교 대학원, 교수
1CHUNG ji eun Ilsan ABA Center
2Beakseok University
*교신저자(ymbong@bu.ac.kr)

ⓒ Copyright 2021, The Daesoon Academy of Sciences. This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: Jul 05, 2021; Revised: Aug 13, 2021; Accepted: Aug 17, 2021

Published Online: Aug 31, 2021

요약

본 연구는 개별시도교수 중재 시 과제 회피행동을 보이는 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동에게 각각의 과제물 사이에 ‘과제 선택하기 기법’을 적용하여 과제 선택하기 기법 중재와 회피행동 발생 사이의 기능적 관계를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 2020년 3월부터 5월까지 이루어진 본 연구는 ABAB 설계로 이루어졌으며, 과제 선택하기 기법이 제공되지 않고 진행된 기초선 1, 2의 과정과 과제 선택하기 기법이 제공된 중재 1, 2에 대한 회피행동의 변화를 통해 과제 선택하기 기법이 자폐스펙트럼장애 아동의 회피행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 일반화 과정을 1주간 2회 진행하였는데 이때는 중재 2와 동일한 과제 선택하기 기법을 다른 중재자가 제공하였다. 초기 중재에서 기능적 관계가 성립되는 것으로 밝혀진 이 연구 결과는, 일반화 과정을 통해서 회피행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 결론을 확립하였다. 본 논문의 결론에서는 이 연구의 결과를 근거로 유추해 볼 수 있는 시사점을 논의하였으며, 이 연구의 결과를 통한 논의점이 자폐성 장애 및 지적장애 아동들의 치료 및 교육 현장에서 적용되는 측면에서 어떠한 시사점을 지니는지 논의하였다.

Abstract

Discrete trial teaching (DTT) is a teaching strategy based on applied behavior analysis and has been widely used for children with autistic disorders and other developmental disabilities. The purpose of this study is to examine the functional relationship of whether avoidance behavior decreases when the task selection technique is applied across tasks given to children with autism spectrum disorders during the intervention of individual trial professors. This study was conducted from March to May 2020 based on ABAB design. During baseline 1, no task selection technique was administered, and change of avoidance behavior was sought in comparison with intervention 1 when the task selection technique was provided. The same procedure was repeated under the same conditions to expand experimental control and to examine the functional relationship. We also investigated whether these effects could persist with other moderators when a generalized setting was given for 1 week after the ABAB intervention. As a result, more avoidance behavior was found to take place during both baseline 1 and baseline 2, where the task selection technique' was not provided, and the number of avoidance behaviors was reduced during intervention 1 and intervention 2 when the task selection technique was provided. Also, in the generalization setting, the occurrence rate of avoidance behavior is lowered to 0, which means that generalization is well managed. In the conclusion of this study, discussion, limitations, and suggestions based on the results of this study were addressed.

Keywords: 응용행동분석(ABA); 과제 선택하기; 개별시도교수; 회피행동
Keywords: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA); Task selection; Discrete trial teaching(DTT); Avoidance behavior